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bizhang_-obav/src/drivers/hmc5883/hmc5883.cpp
Ban Siesta 21dfd0243d drivers: use new ringbuffer namespace everywhere
2015-05-24 10:04:38 +01:00

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/****************************************************************************
*
* Copyright (c) 2012-2015 PX4 Development Team. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
* 3. Neither the name PX4 nor the names of its contributors may be
* used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
* OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
* ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
****************************************************************************/
/**
* @file hmc5883.cpp
*
* Driver for the HMC5883 / HMC5983 magnetometer connected via I2C or SPI.
*/
#include <px4_config.h>
#include <drivers/device/i2c.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <nuttx/arch.h>
#include <nuttx/wqueue.h>
#include <nuttx/clock.h>
#include <board_config.h>
#include <systemlib/perf_counter.h>
#include <systemlib/err.h>
#include <drivers/drv_mag.h>
#include <drivers/drv_hrt.h>
#include <drivers/device/ringbuffer.h>
#include <drivers/drv_device.h>
#include <uORB/uORB.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <lib/conversion/rotation.h>
#include "hmc5883.h"
/*
* HMC5883 internal constants and data structures.
*/
/* Max measurement rate is 160Hz, however with 160 it will be set to 166 Hz, therefore workaround using 150 */
#define HMC5883_CONVERSION_INTERVAL (1000000 / 150) /* microseconds */
#define ADDR_CONF_A 0x00
#define ADDR_CONF_B 0x01
#define ADDR_MODE 0x02
#define ADDR_DATA_OUT_X_MSB 0x03
#define ADDR_DATA_OUT_X_LSB 0x04
#define ADDR_DATA_OUT_Z_MSB 0x05
#define ADDR_DATA_OUT_Z_LSB 0x06
#define ADDR_DATA_OUT_Y_MSB 0x07
#define ADDR_DATA_OUT_Y_LSB 0x08
#define ADDR_STATUS 0x09
/* temperature on hmc5983 only */
#define ADDR_TEMP_OUT_MSB 0x31
#define ADDR_TEMP_OUT_LSB 0x32
/* modes not changeable outside of driver */
#define HMC5883L_MODE_NORMAL (0 << 0) /* default */
#define HMC5883L_MODE_POSITIVE_BIAS (1 << 0) /* positive bias */
#define HMC5883L_MODE_NEGATIVE_BIAS (1 << 1) /* negative bias */
#define HMC5883L_AVERAGING_1 (0 << 5) /* conf a register */
#define HMC5883L_AVERAGING_2 (1 << 5)
#define HMC5883L_AVERAGING_4 (2 << 5)
#define HMC5883L_AVERAGING_8 (3 << 5)
#define MODE_REG_CONTINOUS_MODE (0 << 0)
#define MODE_REG_SINGLE_MODE (1 << 0) /* default */
#define STATUS_REG_DATA_OUT_LOCK (1 << 1) /* page 16: set if data is only partially read, read device to reset */
#define STATUS_REG_DATA_READY (1 << 0) /* page 16: set if all axes have valid measurements */
#define HMC5983_TEMP_SENSOR_ENABLE (1 << 7)
enum HMC5883_BUS {
HMC5883_BUS_ALL = 0,
HMC5883_BUS_I2C_INTERNAL,
HMC5883_BUS_I2C_EXTERNAL,
HMC5883_BUS_SPI
};
/* oddly, ERROR is not defined for c++ */
#ifdef ERROR
# undef ERROR
#endif
static const int ERROR = -1;
#ifndef CONFIG_SCHED_WORKQUEUE
# error This requires CONFIG_SCHED_WORKQUEUE.
#endif
class HMC5883 : public device::CDev
{
public:
HMC5883(device::Device *interface, const char *path, enum Rotation rotation);
virtual ~HMC5883();
virtual int init();
virtual ssize_t read(struct file *filp, char *buffer, size_t buflen);
virtual int ioctl(struct file *filp, int cmd, unsigned long arg);
/**
* Diagnostics - print some basic information about the driver.
*/
void print_info();
protected:
Device *_interface;
private:
work_s _work;
unsigned _measure_ticks;
ringbuffer::RingBuffer *_reports;
mag_scale _scale;
float _range_scale;
float _range_ga;
bool _collect_phase;
int _class_instance;
int _orb_class_instance;
orb_advert_t _mag_topic;
perf_counter_t _sample_perf;
perf_counter_t _comms_errors;
perf_counter_t _buffer_overflows;
perf_counter_t _range_errors;
perf_counter_t _conf_errors;
/* status reporting */
bool _sensor_ok; /**< sensor was found and reports ok */
bool _calibrated; /**< the calibration is valid */
enum Rotation _rotation;
struct mag_report _last_report; /**< used for info() */
uint8_t _range_bits;
uint8_t _conf_reg;
uint8_t _temperature_counter;
uint8_t _temperature_error_count;
/**
* Initialise the automatic measurement state machine and start it.
*
* @note This function is called at open and error time. It might make sense
* to make it more aggressive about resetting the bus in case of errors.
*/
void start();
/**
* Stop the automatic measurement state machine.
*/
void stop();
/**
* Reset the device
*/
int reset();
/**
* Perform the on-sensor scale calibration routine.
*
* @note The sensor will continue to provide measurements, these
* will however reflect the uncalibrated sensor state until
* the calibration routine has been completed.
*
* @param enable set to 1 to enable self-test strap, 0 to disable
*/
int calibrate(struct file *filp, unsigned enable);
/**
* Perform the on-sensor scale calibration routine.
*
* @note The sensor will continue to provide measurements, these
* will however reflect the uncalibrated sensor state until
* the calibration routine has been completed.
*
* @param enable set to 1 to enable self-test positive strap, -1 to enable
* negative strap, 0 to set to normal mode
*/
int set_excitement(unsigned enable);
/**
* enable hmc5983 temperature compensation
*/
int set_temperature_compensation(unsigned enable);
/**
* Set the sensor range.
*
* Sets the internal range to handle at least the argument in Gauss.
*/
int set_range(unsigned range);
/**
* check the sensor range.
*
* checks that the range of the sensor is correctly set, to
* cope with communication errors causing the range to change
*/
void check_range(void);
/**
* check the sensor configuration.
*
* checks that the config of the sensor is correctly set, to
* cope with communication errors causing the configuration to
* change
*/
void check_conf(void);
/**
* Perform a poll cycle; collect from the previous measurement
* and start a new one.
*
* This is the heart of the measurement state machine. This function
* alternately starts a measurement, or collects the data from the
* previous measurement.
*
* When the interval between measurements is greater than the minimum
* measurement interval, a gap is inserted between collection
* and measurement to provide the most recent measurement possible
* at the next interval.
*/
void cycle();
/**
* Static trampoline from the workq context; because we don't have a
* generic workq wrapper yet.
*
* @param arg Instance pointer for the driver that is polling.
*/
static void cycle_trampoline(void *arg);
/**
* Write a register.
*
* @param reg The register to write.
* @param val The value to write.
* @return OK on write success.
*/
int write_reg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t val);
/**
* Read a register.
*
* @param reg The register to read.
* @param val The value read.
* @return OK on read success.
*/
int read_reg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t &val);
/**
* Issue a measurement command.
*
* @return OK if the measurement command was successful.
*/
int measure();
/**
* Collect the result of the most recent measurement.
*/
int collect();
/**
* Convert a big-endian signed 16-bit value to a float.
*
* @param in A signed 16-bit big-endian value.
* @return The floating-point representation of the value.
*/
float meas_to_float(uint8_t in[2]);
/**
* Check the current calibration and update device status
*
* @return 0 if calibration is ok, 1 else
*/
int check_calibration();
/**
* Check the current scale calibration
*
* @return 0 if scale calibration is ok, 1 else
*/
int check_scale();
/**
* Check the current offset calibration
*
* @return 0 if offset calibration is ok, 1 else
*/
int check_offset();
/* this class has pointer data members, do not allow copying it */
HMC5883(const HMC5883&);
HMC5883 operator=(const HMC5883&);
};
/*
* Driver 'main' command.
*/
extern "C" __EXPORT int hmc5883_main(int argc, char *argv[]);
HMC5883::HMC5883(device::Device *interface, const char *path, enum Rotation rotation) :
CDev("HMC5883", path),
_interface(interface),
_work{},
_measure_ticks(0),
_reports(nullptr),
_scale{},
_range_scale(0), /* default range scale from counts to gauss */
_range_ga(1.3f),
_collect_phase(false),
_class_instance(-1),
_orb_class_instance(-1),
_mag_topic(-1),
_sample_perf(perf_alloc(PC_ELAPSED, "hmc5883_read")),
_comms_errors(perf_alloc(PC_COUNT, "hmc5883_comms_errors")),
_buffer_overflows(perf_alloc(PC_COUNT, "hmc5883_buffer_overflows")),
_range_errors(perf_alloc(PC_COUNT, "hmc5883_range_errors")),
_conf_errors(perf_alloc(PC_COUNT, "hmc5883_conf_errors")),
_sensor_ok(false),
_calibrated(false),
_rotation(rotation),
_last_report{0},
_range_bits(0),
_conf_reg(0),
_temperature_counter(0),
_temperature_error_count(0)
{
_device_id.devid_s.devtype = DRV_MAG_DEVTYPE_HMC5883;
// enable debug() calls
_debug_enabled = false;
// default scaling
_scale.x_offset = 0;
_scale.x_scale = 1.0f;
_scale.y_offset = 0;
_scale.y_scale = 1.0f;
_scale.z_offset = 0;
_scale.z_scale = 1.0f;
// work_cancel in the dtor will explode if we don't do this...
memset(&_work, 0, sizeof(_work));
}
HMC5883::~HMC5883()
{
/* make sure we are truly inactive */
stop();
if (_reports != nullptr)
delete _reports;
if (_class_instance != -1)
unregister_class_devname(MAG_BASE_DEVICE_PATH, _class_instance);
// free perf counters
perf_free(_sample_perf);
perf_free(_comms_errors);
perf_free(_buffer_overflows);
perf_free(_range_errors);
perf_free(_conf_errors);
}
int
HMC5883::init()
{
int ret = ERROR;
ret = CDev::init();
if (ret != OK) {
debug("CDev init failed");
goto out;
}
/* allocate basic report buffers */
_reports = new ringbuffer::RingBuffer(2, sizeof(mag_report));
if (_reports == nullptr)
goto out;
/* reset the device configuration */
reset();
_class_instance = register_class_devname(MAG_BASE_DEVICE_PATH);
ret = OK;
/* sensor is ok, but not calibrated */
_sensor_ok = true;
out:
return ret;
}
int HMC5883::set_range(unsigned range)
{
if (range < 1) {
_range_bits = 0x00;
_range_scale = 1.0f / 1370.0f;
_range_ga = 0.88f;
} else if (range <= 1) {
_range_bits = 0x01;
_range_scale = 1.0f / 1090.0f;
_range_ga = 1.3f;
} else if (range <= 2) {
_range_bits = 0x02;
_range_scale = 1.0f / 820.0f;
_range_ga = 1.9f;
} else if (range <= 3) {
_range_bits = 0x03;
_range_scale = 1.0f / 660.0f;
_range_ga = 2.5f;
} else if (range <= 4) {
_range_bits = 0x04;
_range_scale = 1.0f / 440.0f;
_range_ga = 4.0f;
} else if (range <= 4.7f) {
_range_bits = 0x05;
_range_scale = 1.0f / 390.0f;
_range_ga = 4.7f;
} else if (range <= 5.6f) {
_range_bits = 0x06;
_range_scale = 1.0f / 330.0f;
_range_ga = 5.6f;
} else {
_range_bits = 0x07;
_range_scale = 1.0f / 230.0f;
_range_ga = 8.1f;
}
int ret;
/*
* Send the command to set the range
*/
ret = write_reg(ADDR_CONF_B, (_range_bits << 5));
if (OK != ret)
perf_count(_comms_errors);
uint8_t range_bits_in = 0;
ret = read_reg(ADDR_CONF_B, range_bits_in);
if (OK != ret)
perf_count(_comms_errors);
return !(range_bits_in == (_range_bits << 5));
}
/**
check that the range register has the right value. This is done
periodically to cope with I2C bus noise causing the range of the
compass changing.
*/
void HMC5883::check_range(void)
{
int ret;
uint8_t range_bits_in = 0;
ret = read_reg(ADDR_CONF_B, range_bits_in);
if (OK != ret) {
perf_count(_comms_errors);
return;
}
if (range_bits_in != (_range_bits<<5)) {
perf_count(_range_errors);
ret = write_reg(ADDR_CONF_B, (_range_bits << 5));
if (OK != ret)
perf_count(_comms_errors);
}
}
/**
check that the configuration register has the right value. This is
done periodically to cope with I2C bus noise causing the
configuration of the compass to change.
*/
void HMC5883::check_conf(void)
{
int ret;
uint8_t conf_reg_in = 0;
ret = read_reg(ADDR_CONF_A, conf_reg_in);
if (OK != ret) {
perf_count(_comms_errors);
return;
}
if (conf_reg_in != _conf_reg) {
perf_count(_conf_errors);
ret = write_reg(ADDR_CONF_A, _conf_reg);
if (OK != ret)
perf_count(_comms_errors);
}
}
ssize_t
HMC5883::read(struct file *filp, char *buffer, size_t buflen)
{
unsigned count = buflen / sizeof(struct mag_report);
struct mag_report *mag_buf = reinterpret_cast<struct mag_report *>(buffer);
int ret = 0;
/* buffer must be large enough */
if (count < 1)
return -ENOSPC;
/* if automatic measurement is enabled */
if (_measure_ticks > 0) {
/*
* While there is space in the caller's buffer, and reports, copy them.
* Note that we may be pre-empted by the workq thread while we are doing this;
* we are careful to avoid racing with them.
*/
while (count--) {
if (_reports->get(mag_buf)) {
ret += sizeof(struct mag_report);
mag_buf++;
}
}
/* if there was no data, warn the caller */
return ret ? ret : -EAGAIN;
}
/* manual measurement - run one conversion */
/* XXX really it'd be nice to lock against other readers here */
do {
_reports->flush();
/* trigger a measurement */
if (OK != measure()) {
ret = -EIO;
break;
}
/* wait for it to complete */
usleep(HMC5883_CONVERSION_INTERVAL);
/* run the collection phase */
if (OK != collect()) {
ret = -EIO;
break;
}
if (_reports->get(mag_buf)) {
ret = sizeof(struct mag_report);
}
} while (0);
return ret;
}
int
HMC5883::ioctl(struct file *filp, int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
unsigned dummy = arg;
switch (cmd) {
case SENSORIOCSPOLLRATE: {
switch (arg) {
/* switching to manual polling */
case SENSOR_POLLRATE_MANUAL:
stop();
_measure_ticks = 0;
return OK;
/* external signalling (DRDY) not supported */
case SENSOR_POLLRATE_EXTERNAL:
/* zero would be bad */
case 0:
return -EINVAL;
/* set default/max polling rate */
case SENSOR_POLLRATE_MAX:
case SENSOR_POLLRATE_DEFAULT: {
/* do we need to start internal polling? */
bool want_start = (_measure_ticks == 0);
/* set interval for next measurement to minimum legal value */
_measure_ticks = USEC2TICK(HMC5883_CONVERSION_INTERVAL);
/* if we need to start the poll state machine, do it */
if (want_start)
start();
return OK;
}
/* adjust to a legal polling interval in Hz */
default: {
/* do we need to start internal polling? */
bool want_start = (_measure_ticks == 0);
/* convert hz to tick interval via microseconds */
unsigned ticks = USEC2TICK(1000000 / arg);
/* check against maximum rate */
if (ticks < USEC2TICK(HMC5883_CONVERSION_INTERVAL))
return -EINVAL;
/* update interval for next measurement */
_measure_ticks = ticks;
/* if we need to start the poll state machine, do it */
if (want_start)
start();
return OK;
}
}
}
case SENSORIOCGPOLLRATE:
if (_measure_ticks == 0)
return SENSOR_POLLRATE_MANUAL;
return 1000000/TICK2USEC(_measure_ticks);
case SENSORIOCSQUEUEDEPTH: {
/* lower bound is mandatory, upper bound is a sanity check */
if ((arg < 1) || (arg > 100))
return -EINVAL;
irqstate_t flags = irqsave();
if (!_reports->resize(arg)) {
irqrestore(flags);
return -ENOMEM;
}
irqrestore(flags);
return OK;
}
case SENSORIOCGQUEUEDEPTH:
return _reports->size();
case SENSORIOCRESET:
return reset();
case MAGIOCSSAMPLERATE:
/* same as pollrate because device is in single measurement mode*/
return ioctl(filp, SENSORIOCSPOLLRATE, arg);
case MAGIOCGSAMPLERATE:
/* same as pollrate because device is in single measurement mode*/
return 1000000/TICK2USEC(_measure_ticks);
case MAGIOCSRANGE:
return set_range(arg);
case MAGIOCGRANGE:
return _range_ga;
case MAGIOCSLOWPASS:
case MAGIOCGLOWPASS:
/* not supported, no internal filtering */
return -EINVAL;
case MAGIOCSSCALE:
/* set new scale factors */
memcpy(&_scale, (mag_scale *)arg, sizeof(_scale));
/* check calibration, but not actually return an error */
(void)check_calibration();
return 0;
case MAGIOCGSCALE:
/* copy out scale factors */
memcpy((mag_scale *)arg, &_scale, sizeof(_scale));
return 0;
case MAGIOCCALIBRATE:
return calibrate(filp, arg);
case MAGIOCEXSTRAP:
return set_excitement(arg);
case MAGIOCSELFTEST:
return check_calibration();
case MAGIOCGEXTERNAL:
debug("MAGIOCGEXTERNAL in main driver");
return _interface->ioctl(cmd, dummy);
case MAGIOCSTEMPCOMP:
return set_temperature_compensation(arg);
case DEVIOCGDEVICEID:
return _interface->ioctl(cmd, dummy);
default:
/* give it to the superclass */
return CDev::ioctl(filp, cmd, arg);
}
}
void
HMC5883::start()
{
/* reset the report ring and state machine */
_collect_phase = false;
_reports->flush();
/* schedule a cycle to start things */
work_queue(HPWORK, &_work, (worker_t)&HMC5883::cycle_trampoline, this, 1);
}
void
HMC5883::stop()
{
work_cancel(HPWORK, &_work);
}
int
HMC5883::reset()
{
/* set range */
return set_range(_range_ga);
}
void
HMC5883::cycle_trampoline(void *arg)
{
HMC5883 *dev = (HMC5883 *)arg;
dev->cycle();
}
void
HMC5883::cycle()
{
/* collection phase? */
if (_collect_phase) {
/* perform collection */
if (OK != collect()) {
debug("collection error");
/* restart the measurement state machine */
start();
return;
}
/* next phase is measurement */
_collect_phase = false;
/*
* Is there a collect->measure gap?
*/
if (_measure_ticks > USEC2TICK(HMC5883_CONVERSION_INTERVAL)) {
/* schedule a fresh cycle call when we are ready to measure again */
work_queue(HPWORK,
&_work,
(worker_t)&HMC5883::cycle_trampoline,
this,
_measure_ticks - USEC2TICK(HMC5883_CONVERSION_INTERVAL));
return;
}
}
/* measurement phase */
if (OK != measure())
debug("measure error");
/* next phase is collection */
_collect_phase = true;
/* schedule a fresh cycle call when the measurement is done */
work_queue(HPWORK,
&_work,
(worker_t)&HMC5883::cycle_trampoline,
this,
USEC2TICK(HMC5883_CONVERSION_INTERVAL));
}
int
HMC5883::measure()
{
int ret;
/*
* Send the command to begin a measurement.
*/
ret = write_reg(ADDR_MODE, MODE_REG_SINGLE_MODE);
if (OK != ret)
perf_count(_comms_errors);
return ret;
}
int
HMC5883::collect()
{
#pragma pack(push, 1)
struct { /* status register and data as read back from the device */
uint8_t x[2];
uint8_t z[2];
uint8_t y[2];
} hmc_report;
#pragma pack(pop)
struct {
int16_t x, y, z;
} report;
int ret;
uint8_t check_counter;
perf_begin(_sample_perf);
struct mag_report new_report;
bool sensor_is_onboard = false;
float xraw_f;
float yraw_f;
float zraw_f;
/* this should be fairly close to the end of the measurement, so the best approximation of the time */
new_report.timestamp = hrt_absolute_time();
new_report.error_count = perf_event_count(_comms_errors);
/*
* @note We could read the status register here, which could tell us that
* we were too early and that the output registers are still being
* written. In the common case that would just slow us down, and
* we're better off just never being early.
*/
/* get measurements from the device */
ret = _interface->read(ADDR_DATA_OUT_X_MSB, (uint8_t *)&hmc_report, sizeof(hmc_report));
if (ret != OK) {
perf_count(_comms_errors);
debug("data/status read error");
goto out;
}
/* swap the data we just received */
report.x = (((int16_t)hmc_report.x[0]) << 8) + hmc_report.x[1];
report.y = (((int16_t)hmc_report.y[0]) << 8) + hmc_report.y[1];
report.z = (((int16_t)hmc_report.z[0]) << 8) + hmc_report.z[1];
/*
* If any of the values are -4096, there was an internal math error in the sensor.
* Generalise this to a simple range check that will also catch some bit errors.
*/
if ((abs(report.x) > 2048) ||
(abs(report.y) > 2048) ||
(abs(report.z) > 2048)) {
perf_count(_comms_errors);
goto out;
}
/* get measurements from the device */
new_report.temperature = 0;
if (_conf_reg & HMC5983_TEMP_SENSOR_ENABLE) {
/*
if temperature compensation is enabled read the
temperature too.
We read the temperature every 10 samples to avoid
excessive I2C traffic
*/
if (_temperature_counter++ == 10) {
uint8_t raw_temperature[2];
_temperature_counter = 0;
ret = _interface->read(ADDR_TEMP_OUT_MSB,
raw_temperature, sizeof(raw_temperature));
if (ret == OK) {
int16_t temp16 = (((int16_t)raw_temperature[0]) << 8) +
raw_temperature[1];
new_report.temperature = 25 + (temp16 / (16*8.0f));
_temperature_error_count = 0;
} else {
_temperature_error_count++;
if (_temperature_error_count == 10) {
/*
it probably really is an old HMC5883,
and can't do temperature. Disable it
*/
_temperature_error_count = 0;
debug("disabling temperature compensation");
set_temperature_compensation(0);
}
}
} else {
new_report.temperature = _last_report.temperature;
}
}
/*
* RAW outputs
*
* to align the sensor axes with the board, x and y need to be flipped
* and y needs to be negated
*/
new_report.x_raw = report.y;
new_report.y_raw = -report.x;
/* z remains z */
new_report.z_raw = report.z;
/* scale values for output */
// XXX revisit for SPI part, might require a bus type IOCTL
unsigned dummy;
sensor_is_onboard = !_interface->ioctl(MAGIOCGEXTERNAL, dummy);
if (sensor_is_onboard) {
// convert onboard so it matches offboard for the
// scaling below
report.y = -report.y;
report.x = -report.x;
}
/* the standard external mag by 3DR has x pointing to the
* right, y pointing backwards, and z down, therefore switch x
* and y and invert y */
xraw_f = -report.y;
yraw_f = report.x;
zraw_f = report.z;
// apply user specified rotation
rotate_3f(_rotation, xraw_f, yraw_f, zraw_f);
new_report.x = ((xraw_f * _range_scale) - _scale.x_offset) * _scale.x_scale;
/* flip axes and negate value for y */
new_report.y = ((yraw_f * _range_scale) - _scale.y_offset) * _scale.y_scale;
/* z remains z */
new_report.z = ((zraw_f * _range_scale) - _scale.z_offset) * _scale.z_scale;
if (!(_pub_blocked)) {
if (_mag_topic != -1) {
/* publish it */
orb_publish(ORB_ID(sensor_mag), _mag_topic, &new_report);
} else {
_mag_topic = orb_advertise_multi(ORB_ID(sensor_mag), &new_report,
&_orb_class_instance, (sensor_is_onboard) ? ORB_PRIO_HIGH : ORB_PRIO_MAX);
if (_mag_topic < 0)
debug("ADVERT FAIL");
}
}
_last_report = new_report;
/* post a report to the ring */
if (_reports->force(&new_report)) {
perf_count(_buffer_overflows);
}
/* notify anyone waiting for data */
poll_notify(POLLIN);
/*
periodically check the range register and configuration
registers. With a bad I2C cable it is possible for the
registers to become corrupt, leading to bad readings. It
doesn't happen often, but given the poor cables some
vehicles have it is worth checking for.
*/
check_counter = perf_event_count(_sample_perf) % 256;
if (check_counter == 0) {
check_range();
}
if (check_counter == 128) {
check_conf();
}
ret = OK;
out:
perf_end(_sample_perf);
return ret;
}
int HMC5883::calibrate(struct file *filp, unsigned enable)
{
struct mag_report report;
ssize_t sz;
int ret = 1;
uint8_t good_count = 0;
// XXX do something smarter here
int fd = (int)enable;
struct mag_scale mscale_previous = {
0.0f,
1.0f,
0.0f,
1.0f,
0.0f,
1.0f,
};
struct mag_scale mscale_null = {
0.0f,
1.0f,
0.0f,
1.0f,
0.0f,
1.0f,
};
float sum_excited[3] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f};
/* expected axis scaling. The datasheet says that 766 will
* be places in the X and Y axes and 713 in the Z
* axis. Experiments show that in fact 766 is placed in X,
* and 713 in Y and Z. This is relative to a base of 660
* LSM/Ga, giving 1.16 and 1.08 */
float expected_cal[3] = { 1.16f, 1.08f, 1.08f };
/* start the sensor polling at 50 Hz */
if (OK != ioctl(filp, SENSORIOCSPOLLRATE, 50)) {
warn("FAILED: SENSORIOCSPOLLRATE 2Hz");
ret = 1;
goto out;
}
/* Set to 2.5 Gauss. We ask for 3 to get the right part of
* the chained if statement above. */
if (OK != ioctl(filp, MAGIOCSRANGE, 3)) {
warnx("FAILED: MAGIOCSRANGE 3.3 Ga");
ret = 1;
goto out;
}
if (OK != ioctl(filp, MAGIOCEXSTRAP, 1)) {
warnx("FAILED: MAGIOCEXSTRAP 1");
ret = 1;
goto out;
}
if (OK != ioctl(filp, MAGIOCGSCALE, (long unsigned int)&mscale_previous)) {
warn("FAILED: MAGIOCGSCALE 1");
ret = 1;
goto out;
}
if (OK != ioctl(filp, MAGIOCSSCALE, (long unsigned int)&mscale_null)) {
warn("FAILED: MAGIOCSSCALE 1");
ret = 1;
goto out;
}
// discard 10 samples to let the sensor settle
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
struct pollfd fds;
/* wait for data to be ready */
fds.fd = fd;
fds.events = POLLIN;
ret = ::poll(&fds, 1, 2000);
if (ret != 1) {
warn("ERROR: TIMEOUT 1");
goto out;
}
/* now go get it */
sz = ::read(fd, &report, sizeof(report));
if (sz != sizeof(report)) {
warn("ERROR: READ 1");
ret = -EIO;
goto out;
}
}
/* read the sensor up to 50x, stopping when we have 10 good values */
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 50 && good_count < 10; i++) {
struct pollfd fds;
/* wait for data to be ready */
fds.fd = fd;
fds.events = POLLIN;
ret = ::poll(&fds, 1, 2000);
if (ret != 1) {
warn("ERROR: TIMEOUT 2");
goto out;
}
/* now go get it */
sz = ::read(fd, &report, sizeof(report));
if (sz != sizeof(report)) {
warn("ERROR: READ 2");
ret = -EIO;
goto out;
}
float cal[3] = {fabsf(expected_cal[0] / report.x),
fabsf(expected_cal[1] / report.y),
fabsf(expected_cal[2] / report.z)};
if (cal[0] > 0.7f && cal[0] < 1.35f &&
cal[1] > 0.7f && cal[1] < 1.35f &&
cal[2] > 0.7f && cal[2] < 1.35f) {
good_count++;
sum_excited[0] += cal[0];
sum_excited[1] += cal[1];
sum_excited[2] += cal[2];
}
}
if (good_count < 5) {
ret = -EIO;
goto out;
}
float scaling[3];
scaling[0] = sum_excited[0] / good_count;
scaling[1] = sum_excited[1] / good_count;
scaling[2] = sum_excited[2] / good_count;
/* set scaling in device */
mscale_previous.x_scale = scaling[0];
mscale_previous.y_scale = scaling[1];
mscale_previous.z_scale = scaling[2];
ret = OK;
out:
if (OK != ioctl(filp, MAGIOCSSCALE, (long unsigned int)&mscale_previous)) {
warn("FAILED: MAGIOCSSCALE 2");
}
/* set back to normal mode */
/* Set to 1.1 Gauss */
if (OK != ::ioctl(fd, MAGIOCSRANGE, 1)) {
warnx("FAILED: MAGIOCSRANGE 1.1 Ga");
}
if (OK != ::ioctl(fd, MAGIOCEXSTRAP, 0)) {
warnx("FAILED: MAGIOCEXSTRAP 0");
}
if (ret == OK) {
if (check_scale()) {
/* failed */
warnx("FAILED: SCALE");
ret = ERROR;
}
}
return ret;
}
int HMC5883::check_scale()
{
bool scale_valid;
if ((-FLT_EPSILON + 1.0f < _scale.x_scale && _scale.x_scale < FLT_EPSILON + 1.0f) &&
(-FLT_EPSILON + 1.0f < _scale.y_scale && _scale.y_scale < FLT_EPSILON + 1.0f) &&
(-FLT_EPSILON + 1.0f < _scale.z_scale && _scale.z_scale < FLT_EPSILON + 1.0f)) {
/* scale is one */
scale_valid = false;
} else {
scale_valid = true;
}
/* return 0 if calibrated, 1 else */
return !scale_valid;
}
int HMC5883::check_offset()
{
bool offset_valid;
if ((-2.0f * FLT_EPSILON < _scale.x_offset && _scale.x_offset < 2.0f * FLT_EPSILON) &&
(-2.0f * FLT_EPSILON < _scale.y_offset && _scale.y_offset < 2.0f * FLT_EPSILON) &&
(-2.0f * FLT_EPSILON < _scale.z_offset && _scale.z_offset < 2.0f * FLT_EPSILON)) {
/* offset is zero */
offset_valid = false;
} else {
offset_valid = true;
}
/* return 0 if calibrated, 1 else */
return !offset_valid;
}
int HMC5883::check_calibration()
{
bool offset_valid = (check_offset() == OK);
bool scale_valid = (check_scale() == OK);
if (_calibrated != (offset_valid && scale_valid)) {
warnx("mag cal status changed %s%s", (scale_valid) ? "" : "scale invalid ",
(offset_valid) ? "" : "offset invalid");
_calibrated = (offset_valid && scale_valid);
}
/* return 0 if calibrated, 1 else */
return (!_calibrated);
}
int HMC5883::set_excitement(unsigned enable)
{
int ret;
/* arm the excitement strap */
ret = read_reg(ADDR_CONF_A, _conf_reg);
if (OK != ret)
perf_count(_comms_errors);
_conf_reg &= ~0x03; // reset previous excitement mode
if (((int)enable) < 0) {
_conf_reg |= 0x01;
} else if (enable > 0) {
_conf_reg |= 0x02;
}
// ::printf("set_excitement enable=%d regA=0x%x\n", (int)enable, (unsigned)_conf_reg);
ret = write_reg(ADDR_CONF_A, _conf_reg);
if (OK != ret)
perf_count(_comms_errors);
uint8_t conf_reg_ret = 0;
read_reg(ADDR_CONF_A, conf_reg_ret);
//print_info();
return !(_conf_reg == conf_reg_ret);
}
/*
enable/disable temperature compensation on the HMC5983
Unfortunately we don't yet know of a way to auto-detect the
difference between the HMC5883 and HMC5983. Both of them do
temperature sensing, but only the 5983 does temperature
compensation. We have noy yet found a behaviour that can be reliably
distinguished by reading registers to know which type a particular
sensor is
update: Current best guess is that many sensors marked HMC5883L on
the package are actually 5983 but without temperature compensation
tables. Reading the temperature works, but the mag field is not
automatically adjusted for temperature. We suspect that there may be
some early 5883L parts that don't have the temperature sensor at
all, although we haven't found one yet. The code that reads the
temperature looks for 10 failed transfers in a row and disables the
temperature sensor if that happens. It is hoped that this copes with
the genuine 5883L parts.
*/
int HMC5883::set_temperature_compensation(unsigned enable)
{
int ret;
/* get current config */
ret = read_reg(ADDR_CONF_A, _conf_reg);
if (OK != ret) {
perf_count(_comms_errors);
return -EIO;
}
if (enable != 0) {
_conf_reg |= HMC5983_TEMP_SENSOR_ENABLE;
} else {
_conf_reg &= ~HMC5983_TEMP_SENSOR_ENABLE;
}
ret = write_reg(ADDR_CONF_A, _conf_reg);
if (OK != ret) {
perf_count(_comms_errors);
return -EIO;
}
uint8_t conf_reg_ret = 0;
if (read_reg(ADDR_CONF_A, conf_reg_ret) != OK) {
perf_count(_comms_errors);
return -EIO;
}
return conf_reg_ret == _conf_reg;
}
int
HMC5883::write_reg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t val)
{
uint8_t buf = val;
return _interface->write(reg, &buf, 1);
}
int
HMC5883::read_reg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t &val)
{
uint8_t buf = val;
int ret = _interface->read(reg, &buf, 1);
val = buf;
return ret;
}
float
HMC5883::meas_to_float(uint8_t in[2])
{
union {
uint8_t b[2];
int16_t w;
} u;
u.b[0] = in[1];
u.b[1] = in[0];
return (float) u.w;
}
void
HMC5883::print_info()
{
perf_print_counter(_sample_perf);
perf_print_counter(_comms_errors);
perf_print_counter(_buffer_overflows);
printf("poll interval: %u ticks\n", _measure_ticks);
printf("output (%.2f %.2f %.2f)\n", (double)_last_report.x, (double)_last_report.y, (double)_last_report.z);
printf("offsets (%.2f %.2f %.2f)\n", (double)_scale.x_offset, (double)_scale.y_offset, (double)_scale.z_offset);
printf("scaling (%.2f %.2f %.2f) 1/range_scale %.2f range_ga %.2f\n",
(double)_scale.x_scale, (double)_scale.y_scale, (double)_scale.z_scale,
(double)(1.0f/_range_scale), (double)_range_ga);
printf("temperature %.2f\n", (double)_last_report.temperature);
_reports->print_info("report queue");
}
/**
* Local functions in support of the shell command.
*/
namespace hmc5883
{
/* oddly, ERROR is not defined for c++ */
#ifdef ERROR
# undef ERROR
#endif
const int ERROR = -1;
/*
list of supported bus configurations
*/
struct hmc5883_bus_option {
enum HMC5883_BUS busid;
const char *devpath;
HMC5883_constructor interface_constructor;
uint8_t busnum;
HMC5883 *dev;
} bus_options[] = {
{ HMC5883_BUS_I2C_EXTERNAL, "/dev/hmc5883_ext", &HMC5883_I2C_interface, PX4_I2C_BUS_EXPANSION, NULL },
#ifdef PX4_I2C_BUS_ONBOARD
{ HMC5883_BUS_I2C_INTERNAL, "/dev/hmc5883_int", &HMC5883_I2C_interface, PX4_I2C_BUS_ONBOARD, NULL },
#endif
#ifdef PX4_SPIDEV_HMC
{ HMC5883_BUS_SPI, "/dev/hmc5883_spi", &HMC5883_SPI_interface, PX4_SPI_BUS_SENSORS, NULL },
#endif
};
#define NUM_BUS_OPTIONS (sizeof(bus_options)/sizeof(bus_options[0]))
void start(enum HMC5883_BUS busid, enum Rotation rotation);
bool start_bus(struct hmc5883_bus_option &bus, enum Rotation rotation);
struct hmc5883_bus_option &find_bus(enum HMC5883_BUS busid);
void test(enum HMC5883_BUS busid);
void reset(enum HMC5883_BUS busid);
int info(enum HMC5883_BUS busid);
int calibrate(enum HMC5883_BUS busid);
int temp_enable(HMC5883_BUS busid, bool enable);
void usage();
/**
* start driver for a specific bus option
*/
bool
start_bus(struct hmc5883_bus_option &bus, enum Rotation rotation)
{
if (bus.dev != nullptr)
errx(1,"bus option already started");
device::Device *interface = bus.interface_constructor(bus.busnum);
if (interface->init() != OK) {
delete interface;
warnx("no device on bus %u", (unsigned)bus.busid);
return false;
}
bus.dev = new HMC5883(interface, bus.devpath, rotation);
if (bus.dev != nullptr && OK != bus.dev->init()) {
delete bus.dev;
bus.dev = NULL;
return false;
}
int fd = open(bus.devpath, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0) {
return false;
}
if (ioctl(fd, SENSORIOCSPOLLRATE, SENSOR_POLLRATE_DEFAULT) < 0) {
close(fd);
errx(1,"Failed to setup poll rate");
}
close(fd);
return true;
}
/**
* Start the driver.
*
* This function call only returns once the driver
* is either successfully up and running or failed to start.
*/
void
start(enum HMC5883_BUS busid, enum Rotation rotation)
{
bool started = false;
for (unsigned i = 0; i < NUM_BUS_OPTIONS; i++) {
if (busid == HMC5883_BUS_ALL && bus_options[i].dev != NULL) {
// this device is already started
continue;
}
if (busid != HMC5883_BUS_ALL && bus_options[i].busid != busid) {
// not the one that is asked for
continue;
}
started |= start_bus(bus_options[i], rotation);
}
if (!started) {
exit(1);
}
}
/**
* find a bus structure for a busid
*/
struct hmc5883_bus_option &find_bus(enum HMC5883_BUS busid)
{
for (unsigned i = 0; i < NUM_BUS_OPTIONS; i++) {
if ((busid == HMC5883_BUS_ALL ||
busid == bus_options[i].busid) && bus_options[i].dev != NULL) {
return bus_options[i];
}
}
errx(1, "bus %u not started", (unsigned)busid);
}
/**
* Perform some basic functional tests on the driver;
* make sure we can collect data from the sensor in polled
* and automatic modes.
*/
void
test(enum HMC5883_BUS busid)
{
struct hmc5883_bus_option &bus = find_bus(busid);
struct mag_report report;
ssize_t sz;
int ret;
const char *path = bus.devpath;
int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0)
err(1, "%s open failed (try 'hmc5883 start')", path);
/* do a simple demand read */
sz = read(fd, &report, sizeof(report));
if (sz != sizeof(report))
err(1, "immediate read failed");
warnx("single read");
warnx("measurement: %.6f %.6f %.6f", (double)report.x, (double)report.y, (double)report.z);
warnx("time: %lld", report.timestamp);
/* check if mag is onboard or external */
if ((ret = ioctl(fd, MAGIOCGEXTERNAL, 0)) < 0)
errx(1, "failed to get if mag is onboard or external");
warnx("device active: %s", ret ? "external" : "onboard");
/* set the queue depth to 5 */
if (OK != ioctl(fd, SENSORIOCSQUEUEDEPTH, 10))
errx(1, "failed to set queue depth");
/* start the sensor polling at 2Hz */
if (OK != ioctl(fd, SENSORIOCSPOLLRATE, 2))
errx(1, "failed to set 2Hz poll rate");
/* read the sensor 5x and report each value */
for (unsigned i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
struct pollfd fds;
/* wait for data to be ready */
fds.fd = fd;
fds.events = POLLIN;
ret = poll(&fds, 1, 2000);
if (ret != 1)
errx(1, "timed out waiting for sensor data");
/* now go get it */
sz = read(fd, &report, sizeof(report));
if (sz != sizeof(report))
err(1, "periodic read failed");
warnx("periodic read %u", i);
warnx("measurement: %.6f %.6f %.6f", (double)report.x, (double)report.y, (double)report.z);
warnx("time: %lld", report.timestamp);
}
errx(0, "PASS");
}
/**
* Automatic scale calibration.
*
* Basic idea:
*
* output = (ext field +- 1.1 Ga self-test) * scale factor
*
* and consequently:
*
* 1.1 Ga = (excited - normal) * scale factor
* scale factor = (excited - normal) / 1.1 Ga
*
* sxy = (excited - normal) / 766 | for conf reg. B set to 0x60 / Gain = 3
* sz = (excited - normal) / 713 | for conf reg. B set to 0x60 / Gain = 3
*
* By subtracting the non-excited measurement the pure 1.1 Ga reading
* can be extracted and the sensitivity of all axes can be matched.
*
* SELF TEST OPERATION
* To check the HMC5883L for proper operation, a self test feature in incorporated
* in which the sensor offset straps are excited to create a nominal field strength
* (bias field) to be measured. To implement self test, the least significant bits
* (MS1 and MS0) of configuration register A are changed from 00 to 01 (positive bias)
* or 10 (negetive bias), e.g. 0x11 or 0x12.
* Then, by placing the mode register into single-measurement mode (0x01),
* two data acquisition cycles will be made on each magnetic vector.
* The first acquisition will be a set pulse followed shortly by measurement
* data of the external field. The second acquisition will have the offset strap
* excited (about 10 mA) in the positive bias mode for X, Y, and Z axes to create
* about a ±1.1 gauss self test field plus the external field. The first acquisition
* values will be subtracted from the second acquisition, and the net measurement
* will be placed into the data output registers.
* Since self test adds ~1.1 Gauss additional field to the existing field strength,
* using a reduced gain setting prevents sensor from being saturated and data registers
* overflowed. For example, if the configuration register B is set to 0x60 (Gain=3),
* values around +766 LSB (1.16 Ga * 660 LSB/Ga) will be placed in the X and Y data
* output registers and around +713 (1.08 Ga * 660 LSB/Ga) will be placed in Z data
* output register. To leave the self test mode, change MS1 and MS0 bit of the
* configuration register A back to 00 (Normal Measurement Mode), e.g. 0x10.
* Using the self test method described above, the user can scale sensor
*/
int calibrate(enum HMC5883_BUS busid)
{
int ret;
struct hmc5883_bus_option &bus = find_bus(busid);
const char *path = bus.devpath;
int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0)
err(1, "%s open failed (try 'hmc5883 start' if the driver is not running", path);
if (OK != (ret = ioctl(fd, MAGIOCCALIBRATE, fd))) {
warnx("failed to enable sensor calibration mode");
}
close(fd);
return ret;
}
/**
* Reset the driver.
*/
void
reset(enum HMC5883_BUS busid)
{
struct hmc5883_bus_option &bus = find_bus(busid);
const char *path = bus.devpath;
int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0)
err(1, "failed ");
if (ioctl(fd, SENSORIOCRESET, 0) < 0)
err(1, "driver reset failed");
if (ioctl(fd, SENSORIOCSPOLLRATE, SENSOR_POLLRATE_DEFAULT) < 0)
err(1, "driver poll restart failed");
exit(0);
}
/**
* enable/disable temperature compensation
*/
int
temp_enable(enum HMC5883_BUS busid, bool enable)
{
struct hmc5883_bus_option &bus = find_bus(busid);
const char *path = bus.devpath;
int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0)
err(1, "failed ");
if (ioctl(fd, MAGIOCSTEMPCOMP, (unsigned)enable) < 0)
err(1, "set temperature compensation failed");
close(fd);
return 0;
}
/**
* Print a little info about the driver.
*/
int
info(enum HMC5883_BUS busid)
{
struct hmc5883_bus_option &bus = find_bus(busid);
warnx("running on bus: %u (%s)\n", (unsigned)bus.busid, bus.devpath);
bus.dev->print_info();
exit(0);
}
void
usage()
{
warnx("missing command: try 'start', 'info', 'test', 'reset', 'info', 'calibrate'");
warnx("options:");
warnx(" -R rotation");
warnx(" -C calibrate on start");
warnx(" -X only external bus");
#if (PX4_I2C_BUS_ONBOARD || PX4_SPIDEV_HMC)
warnx(" -I only internal bus");
#endif
}
} // namespace
int
hmc5883_main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int ch;
enum HMC5883_BUS busid = HMC5883_BUS_ALL;
enum Rotation rotation = ROTATION_NONE;
bool calibrate = false;
bool temp_compensation = false;
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "XISR:CT")) != EOF) {
switch (ch) {
case 'R':
rotation = (enum Rotation)atoi(optarg);
break;
#if (PX4_I2C_BUS_ONBOARD || PX4_SPIDEV_HMC)
case 'I':
busid = HMC5883_BUS_I2C_INTERNAL;
break;
#endif
case 'X':
busid = HMC5883_BUS_I2C_EXTERNAL;
break;
case 'S':
busid = HMC5883_BUS_SPI;
break;
case 'C':
calibrate = true;
break;
case 'T':
temp_compensation = true;
break;
default:
hmc5883::usage();
exit(0);
}
}
const char *verb = argv[optind];
/*
* Start/load the driver.
*/
if (!strcmp(verb, "start")) {
hmc5883::start(busid, rotation);
if (calibrate && hmc5883::calibrate(busid) != 0) {
errx(1, "calibration failed");
}
if (temp_compensation) {
// we consider failing to setup temperature
// compensation as non-fatal
hmc5883::temp_enable(busid, true);
}
exit(0);
}
/*
* Test the driver/device.
*/
if (!strcmp(verb, "test"))
hmc5883::test(busid);
/*
* Reset the driver.
*/
if (!strcmp(verb, "reset"))
hmc5883::reset(busid);
/*
* enable/disable temperature compensation
*/
if (!strcmp(verb, "tempoff"))
hmc5883::temp_enable(busid, false);
if (!strcmp(verb, "tempon"))
hmc5883::temp_enable(busid, true);
/*
* Print driver information.
*/
if (!strcmp(verb, "info") || !strcmp(verb, "status"))
hmc5883::info(busid);
/*
* Autocalibrate the scaling
*/
if (!strcmp(verb, "calibrate")) {
if (hmc5883::calibrate(busid) == 0) {
errx(0, "calibration successful");
} else {
errx(1, "calibration failed");
}
}
errx(1, "unrecognized command, try 'start', 'test', 'reset' 'calibrate', 'tempoff', 'tempon' or 'info'");
}
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